Curr Biol：分散注意力可有效缓解搔痒

近来，刊登在国际间广为人知杂志Cell的子刊Current Biology上的一篇有系统研究报告指出，利用心理干扰（分心）的原理可以使得痉挛缓解，然而这种痉挛更为严重缓解的物理现象并不表现在四肢。这项有系统研究推测是基于使用高分辨率的甲状腺机能性MRI显微技术（fMRI技术），对人们由于加热导致的痉挛高水平开展有系统研究，有系统研究揭示，心理干扰确实可以在中枢痉挛处理早期抑制痉挛接收器的传到。来自汉堡-埃彭维克大学的大学的学术界Christian Sprenger回应，这种现象并不仅仅是一种心理现象，而是一种活跃的神经机制，可以降极低从脑部持续上升至神经文职范围的痉挛接收器。

这种物理现象涉及到了内源性的类物质，这种物质造成了自神经，在缓解痉挛的过程中扮演着重要主人公。有系统研究工作人员让大多数人分别完成一个简单或者一个不易的记忆性使命，需要他们讲出书信的注解内容，同时给大多数人胳膊上胁迫加热。开展不易使命的大多数人更为心烦意乱时，他们会感到大得多的痉挛，通过fMRI技术突显出这些大多数人的脑部范围活性更为相对极低，fMRI通常是用来定量神经活性的忽略。

Sprenger和他的同事然后段落了实验室，这次他们给予大多数人一种药物-钠洛酮（抗休克的理想药物，可以阻挡抗抑郁药的物理现象）或者普通的麻豆注入，得出结论，相比只注入普通麻豆的大多数人，使用抗抑郁药拮抗剂的大多数人由于关注点密集，导致的痉挛更为严重降极低了40%，因此表明内源性的扮演着重要作用。

学术界的推测揭示了对人可以有系统地忽略人们的痉挛经历，并且对于流行病学也有极其重要的意涵。学术界回应，我们的有系统研究推测给痉挛疾病疗程备有了思维行为疗程的原理。（生物谷：T.Shen编译）

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.006PMC:PMID:

Attention Modulates Spinal Cord Responses to Pain

Christian Sprenger1, , , Falk Eippert1, Jürgen Finsterbusch1, Ulrike Bingel1, 2, Michael Rose1, Christian Büchel1

Reduced pain perception while being distracted from pain is an everyday example of how cognitive processes can interfere with pain perception [ [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5]]. Previous neuroimaging studies showed distraction-related modulations of pain-driven activations in various cortical and subcortical brain regions [ [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] and [11]], but the precise neuronal mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the human cervical spinal cord in combination with thermal pain stimulation and a well-established working memory task [12], we demonstrate that this phenomenon relies on an inhibition of incoming pain signals in the spinal cord. Neuronal responses to painful stimulation in the dorsal horn of the corresponding spinal segment were significantly reduced under high working memory load compared to low working memory load. At the individual level, reductions of neuronal responses in the spinal cord predicted behioral pain reductions. In a subsequent behioral experiment, using the opioid antagonist naloxone in a double-blind crossover design with the same paradigm, we demonstrate a substantial contribution of endogenous opioids to this mechanism. Taken together, our results show that the reduced pain experience during mental distraction is related to a spinal process and involves opioid neurotransmission.